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Estimation of Physio-chemical Parameters with
reference to total biomass of wetlands in Potohar lakes.
ABSTRACT
Water chemistry directly effect total biological activity of water body and
plays vital role in limn logical factors. This study is designed to estimate
the physico-chemical parameters which include temperature, atmospheric
pressure, humidity, pH, Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, free
Carbon dioxide, alkalinity and hardness of wetlands in Potohar regions i.e.
Rawal Dam, Simly Dam and Khanpur Dam. Th e area is chosen because Potohar is
an arid zone so this land possesses more natural water bodies than any
ecological zone of Pakistan.
The study was conducted to estimate the
physico-chemical parameters of wetlands in Potohar Lakes and to correlate
these physico-chemical parameters with existing planktons to calculate
better productivity environment. The sampling was done by using Nansen
bottle from specific depths.
The transparency of water was measured with the
help of secchi disk. Temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids and humidity
was noted with the help of thermometer, pH meter, T.D.S. meter and
hygrometer in the field.Whereas titration tests were performed to check the
alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, free CO2 and hardness of water. the variations
among the three dams is not so significant, i.e. a slight variation occurs.
The amount of D.O. and CO2 were sufficient for aquatic flora and fauna in
all the three. Rawal is much more turbid than Khanpur and Simly. Seasonal
variation shows that temperature, T.D.S., Organic Particulate and humidity
are more in summer as compared to winter. Water was alkaline and pH
decreases with increase in temperature. The results shows that the
zooplankton were abundant in Rawal dam.
Population distribution and ecology of
freshwater crab in Potohar region
ABSTRACT
This research was conducted in Potohar
region. Main objectives were to estimate ecology, population and
distribution of freshwater crab. Areas were marked for studying. Random
sampling was carried out in those areas. Different physico-chemical
parameters were identified. Climatic data was gathered and it was analyzed.
For estimating population distribution of crab various samples of the stream
were taken. Numbers of catch per unit area of whole stream were calculated.
Freshwater crabs per slow moving streams. They do not live in deep water.
They utilize holes and cervices beneath boulders as protective retreats.
Scavengers wide variety of zooplanktons were observed along with other
microorganisms in their habitat.
They feed on dead fish and other micro
fauna. Different optimal physico-chemical and climatic parameters were as
follows, PH from 8.5-8.8. Temperature from 14-31ºC. Dissolved oxygen
8.5mg/g. Alkalinity was 210mg/l. Hardness of water ranges from 70-150mg/l.
Level of carbon dioxide was 15-24mg/l. Along with Rawal lake10 villages were
studies. Total estimated population of freshwater crab was 1183. Percentage
of females, males and young crabs as 65%, 24% and 11% respectively.
Freshwater crabs were least known to literature. No work has been done on
freshwater crab in region.
These results are first step towards crab biology
ever taken in the region. By maintaining optimal conditions in habitat of
freshwater crabs, it’s population can be increased. Preventing it from
different types of pollutants can do it. Pollution free habitat will help in
flourishment of freshwater crabs.
A view of the study area of crabs
Comparative estimation of population density and
diversity of zooplankton in fresh water
lakes of Potohar region
ABSTRACT
The
small organisms inhabiting the water column are called planktons, with the
animal component being called zooplankton. Zooplanktons are one of few major
components, which directly effect total biological activities of water body.
This study was conducted on three dams of Potohar region, which are, Rawal
dam, Simply dam, Khanpur dam, samples were taken in two seasons from each
dam, once in the summers and other in the winter season. Samples were taken
from three sites on each dam, sample A from bank, sample B, from center and
sample C, from opposite bank of dam. Sampling was done by hauling plankton
net (35 µ mesh size) in water through boat. Samples were collected in
bottles and preserved in 4% formalin. The samples were than analyzed in UAAR
ecology lab to estimate population diversity and population distribution of
zooplankton in each dam.
The most extensively occurring group of zooplankton is copepods, cladoceran,
Rotifers, and protozons.
These results give us an estimation of diversity of zooplankton, total No of
zooplankton per liter of water in each dam, frequency of different species
per liter of water in these dams, and seasonal variation of zooplankton in
dam.
From these
results a comparison will be made while considering the population
diversity, population distribution and productivity of water bodies.
Study area of zooplankton population in Potohar lakes
     
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